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1.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis ; 16: 2217-2226, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34349507

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is becoming increasingly widespread. The aim of this study was to provide an accurate description of the current practices and clinical characteristics of COPD patients on HMV in Portugal. Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional, multicenter real-life study of COPD patients established on HMV for at least 30 days. Data related to clinical characteristics, adaptation and ventilatory settings were collected. Results: The study included 569 COPD patients on HMV from 15 centers. The majority were male, with a median age of 72 years and a high prevalence of obesity (43.2%) and sleep apnea (45.8%). A high treatment compliance was observed (median 8h/day), 48.7% with inspiratory positive airway pressure ≥20 cmH2O and oronasal masks were the preferred interface (91.7%). There was an equal distribution of patients starting HMV during chronic stable condition and following an exacerbation. Patients in stable condition were initiated in the outpatient setting in 92.3%. Despite the differences in criteria and setting of adaptation and a slightly lower BMI in patients starting HMV following an exacerbation, we found no significant differences regarding age, gender, ventilation pressures, time on HMV, usage, severity of airflow obstruction or current arterial blood gas analysis (ABGs) in relation to patients adapted in stable condition. Conclusion: Patients were highly compliant with the therapy. In agreement with most recent studies and recommendations, there seems to be a move towards higher ventilation pressures, increased use of oronasal masks and an intent to obtain normocapnia. This study shows that chronic hypercapnic and post exacerbation patients do not differ significantly regarding patient characteristics, physiological parameters or ventilatory settings with one exception: chronic hypercapnic patients are more often obese and, subsequently, more frequently present OSA.


Subject(s)
Home Care Services , Noninvasive Ventilation , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Hypercapnia , Male , Noninvasive Ventilation/adverse effects , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects
2.
Pulmonology ; 2021 Jun 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34167933

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Excessive delay in the diagnosis of Tuberculosis may have a negative impact on the epidemiological control and elimination of this disease. An accurate determination and analysis of delay times may help identify where and how to improve Tuberculosis diagnosis according to local needs. The Portuguese Tuberculosis Surveillance System - SVIG-TB - is the main source of data regarding diagnosis delay. However, to our knowledge, there has been no recent evaluation of its data. This study's primary aim was to conduct a thorough quantitative and qualitative evaluation of data obtained from the SVIG-TB registry concerning the delay in Tuberculosis diagnosis in Matosinhos, a Portuguese municipality. METHODS: All patients living in the Matosinhos municipality diagnosed with Tuberculosis between January 1st 2012 and December 31st 2019 were identified and individual SVIG-TB records retrieved. Patient-related, Healthcare-related and Total delay in Tuberculosis diagnosis were determined based on data obtained from this source and compared to data recovered from patient record review. Missing data, registering errors and differences in diagnosis delay between these two sources were analysed and compared. Subsequently, diagnosis delay data from a recent Portuguese nationwide SVIG-TB paper, covering years 2010 to 2014, was compared to local SVIG-TB and patient record review data. RESULTS: This study identified a significantly greater percentage of cases with missing data on delay in SVIG-TB records when compared to Patient Record Review (57.2% versus 1.11%). The median patient-related, healthcare-related and Total delay in Tuberculosis diagnosis were of 17, 30 and 68 days, respectively, in the SVIG-TB based data. A significant underestimation of healthcare-related and total Tuberculosis diagnosis delay was identified in SVIG-TB data when compared to Patient Record Review. There was no significant difference between Patient-related delays determined from these two sources. Compared to the national study results, missing values were more common in this data set (57.2 vs 44.6%), mainly due to the absence of patient-related delay data. Median Total and Healthcare-related delays were significantly greater in Matosinhos Municipality, regardless of the data source (SVIG-TB or Patient Record Review). The patient-related delay was, conversely, shorter. CONCLUSIONS: SVIG-TB has been crucial in guiding National Public Health policies on the path towards Tuberculosis elimination in Portugal. However, there is still room for improvement. These results provide a basis for further reflection on the shortcomings and potential of SVIG-TB in guiding the national Tuberculosis program.

3.
BMJ Case Rep ; 14(3)2021 Mar 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33674302

ABSTRACT

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease may have different clinical manifestations. We report a case of a 64-year-old woman presenting with persistent respiratory complaints, fever and radiological findings. Initially, she was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, but after being submitted to an extensive investigation, including CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy, a diagnosis of organising pneumonia (OP) was established. The patient was treated with corticosteroids with no favourable response. Subsequently, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was identified in bronchoalveolar lavage culture. The patient was diagnosed with OP secondary to MAC infection and specific antibiotic treatment was initiated. This case represents an infrequent association and illustrates how important it is to investigate primary causes of OP to obtain a satisfactory treatment response.


Subject(s)
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection , Pneumonia , Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging , Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Mycobacterium avium Complex , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/diagnosis , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/drug therapy , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Pneumonia/drug therapy , Pneumonia/etiology
4.
Respir Med Case Rep ; 31: 101175, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32775192

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Nocardiosis is a rare infection caused by Nocardia spp., a gram-positive bacteria non-commensal of the human flora. Nocardiosis usually presents with lung infection but may disseminate to other organs, most frequently the brain. The major risk factor is immunosuppression, but lung diseases also increase the risk of infection. Treatment with antibiotics is usually prolonged. In this study, we made a retrospective analysis of pulmonary nocardiosis cases and a review of the available literature. METHODS: We made a retrospective analysis of all pulmonary nocardiosis cases from 13 years (January 2005 to December 2017) in our institution, selecting patients from pulmonology and infectious diseases consultation. RESULTS: We found four patients diagnosed with pulmonary nocardiosis, three males (patients 1, 2 and 3) and one female (patient 4). Median age was 71 ± 15 years old. Different specimens were identified (N. cyriacigeorgica, Nocardia spp., N. nova, and N. wallacei/transvalensis). Bronchofibroscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage culture was the most frequent diagnostic procedure (patients 1 and 4). Only patient 2 presented an unfavorable response to treatment and died from septic shock. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary nocardiosis has a good prognosis if diagnosed early and treated adequately. It should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary infections concomitant with brain or other soft tissue lesion, especially in immunocompromised patients.

5.
BMJ Case Rep ; 20112011 Jun 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22691946

ABSTRACT

A 42-year-old female laboratory worker presented with a left index finger skin lesion after an accidental prick while handling samples of a cultural exam of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Surgical excision was performed and pathology analysis revealed a dermic chronic inflammatory process with no granulomas. Later, a non-painful lymphadenopathy appeared in the left axilla as well as brownish indurated skin lesions in the lower limbs consistent with erythema nodosum. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the lymph node revealed epithelioid granulomas, Langhans' multinucleated giant cells and the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Standard tuberculosis treatment resulted in regression of lesions and no relapses occurred in the 2-year follow-up period.


Subject(s)
Needlestick Injuries/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/transmission , Adult , Female , Humans
6.
J Bras Pneumol ; 34(11): 982-4, 2008 Nov.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19099107

ABSTRACT

Cystic lymphangioma is a rare congenital benign tumor. It results from focal proliferation of well-differentiated lymphatic tissue originating from abnormal development of the lymphatic system. Most cystic lymphangiomas occur in the primitive lymph sacs of children or young adults. They generally appear in the neck (75%) and axillary region (20%). Only 1% are located in the mediastinum. Acquired lymphangiomas, which are principally seen in middle-aged adults, are caused by a process of chronic lymphatic obstruction secondary to surgery, chronic infection, or radiation. Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old male with cystic lymphangioma of the mediastinum, detected on a routine chest X-ray.


Subject(s)
Lymphangioma, Cystic/diagnostic imaging , Mediastinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Incidental Findings , Lymphangioma, Cystic/pathology , Male , Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology , Middle Aged , Radiography
7.
J. bras. pneumol ; 34(11): 982-984, nov. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-623388

ABSTRACT

O linfangioma cístico é um tumor congênito benigno e raro. Resulta da proliferação focal de tecido linfático bem diferenciado com origem num anormal desenvolvimento do sistema linfático. A maioria ocorre em crianças ou adultos jovens nos sacos linfáticos primordiais. Geralmente ocorrem no pescoço (75%) e na região axilar (20%). Apenas 1% desses são localizados no mediastino. Os linfangiomas adquiridos, principalmente encontrados em adultos de meia-idade, são conseqüentes a um processo de obstrução linfática crônica secundária a cirurgia, infecção crônica ou radiação. Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de linfangioma cístico do mediastino num indivíduo do sexo masculino de 50 anos, detectado por achado em radiografia de tórax de rotina.


Cystic lymphangioma is a rare congenital benign tumor. It results from focal proliferation of well-differentiated lymphatic tissue originating from abnormal development of the lymphatic system. Most cystic lymphangiomas occur in the primitive lymph sacs of children or young adults. They generally appear in the neck (75%) and axillary region (20%). Only 1% are located in the mediastinum. Acquired lymphangiomas, which are principally seen in middle-aged adults, are caused by a process of chronic lymphatic obstruction secondary to surgery, chronic infection, or radiation. Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old male with cystic lymphangioma of the mediastinum, detected on a routine chest X-ray.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Lymphangioma, Cystic , Mediastinal Neoplasms , Diagnosis, Differential , Incidental Findings , Lymphangioma, Cystic/pathology , Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology
8.
Rev Port Pneumol ; 14(5): 617-24, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18781263

ABSTRACT

SETTING: The smoking rate in Portugal is 19.2% and 33% in Europe. There is no precise data on the smoking rate of the asthmatic population. AIM: To determine the smoking rate and its repercussions on an asthmatic population sample. DESIGN: One hundred and ten asthmatic patients observed in asthma consultations were classified as non-smokers, former-smokers or smokers. Subsequently, based on functional and clinical criteria, they were classified as having Severe Persistent (SPA), Moderate Persistent (MoPA), Mild Persistent (MiPA) and Intermittent (IA) Asthma. RESULTS: 8% of 110 patients (65% female) aged 18 to 78 years were smokers, 9% former-smokers, 83% non-smokers. Among the asthmatics: - smokers: 0% SPA, 56% MoPA, 33% MiPA, 11% IA; - former smokers: 10% SPA, 30%MoPA, 50% MiPA, 10% IA; - non-smokers: 7% SPA, 27% MoPA, 36% MiPA, 30% IA. Patients with exposure to smoking had worse functional evaluation than those without exposure. CONCLUSION: In this population sample the rate of current smoking habits (8% of current smokers) was considerably low than in Portugal (19.2%). Analysis and comparison of asthma severity and functional evaluation detected worse results in both current and former smokers. These reinforce the role of tobacco exposure in asthma aggravation and worsening of its prognosis. Further studies may be important to prove and alert the asthmatic population, in particular, to the well-known risks of smoking.


Subject(s)
Asthma/complications , Smoking/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Young Adult
9.
Odontol. clín.-cient ; 6(4): 345-349, out.-dez. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-500883

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho mostra um caso clínico de um paciente especial com grande insatisfação quanto ao escurecimento dos seus dentes, manchados por tetraciclina. O tratamento inicialmenteproposto foi o uso do clareamento caseiro com peróxido de carbamida a 10% (Review 10%), para obter um clareamento, mesmo sabendo que o grau IV da tetraciclina é quase sempre impossível de ser revertido apenas com esta técnica. Assim, ao término de um mês, houve um clareamento considerável nos elementos superiores anteriores, onde o clareamento foi realizado. Porém, optou-se juntamente com o paciente, pelo uso de facetas diretas de resina composta para uma estética ainda mais satisfatória. O objetivo do tratamento foi devolver um sorriso mais agradável e estético, dentro das limitações que o paciente apresentava que era seu grande escurecimento dentário e preservando o máximo de estrutura dental sadia.


Subject(s)
Composite Resins , Tooth Bleaching/methods , Esthetics, Dental , Tooth Discoloration
10.
Odontol. clín.-cient ; 6(4): 339-343, out.-dez. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-500884

ABSTRACT

O clareamento dental tem um importante papel na Odontologia Cosmética, possibilitando o restabelecimento da cor e da estética. O clareamento de dentes não vitais é uma modalidade conservadora de tratamento estético para dentes escurecidos, tratados endodonticamente. Entretanto, saber quais dentes podem e devem ser clareados, qual agente clareador mais indicado e a possibilidade de causar danos à estrutura dental e tecidos circunvizinhos, levam o cirurgião-dentista a ter critérios na escolha do procedimento, procurando seguir as indicações, contra-indicações e limitações específicas de cada técnica, visando uma condição segura e previsível do tratamento. Assim, o presente artigo visa apresentar através de uma revisão de literatura e de um caso clínico, a técnica mediata de clareamento endógeno, associados aos prováveis riscos decorrentes do emprego incorreto das técnicas.


Subject(s)
Tooth Bleaching/methods , Esthetics, Dental , Hydrogen Peroxide/therapeutic use , Tooth, Nonvital
11.
Odontol. clín.-cient ; 6(3): 207-211, jul.-set. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-509925

ABSTRACT

Tendo em vista o grande desenvolvimento dos aparelhos fotopolimerizadores existentes e a sua importância nos procedimentos restauradores, este trabalho tem como objetivo esclarecer o clínico alguns conceitos importantes, enfocando sua evolução e grande importância no sucesso clínico de restaurações de resina composta. Dentro deste contexto são apresentadas as características com relação à intensidade de luz, comprimento de onda e algumas condições que devem ser consideradas quanto ao uso destes aparelhos.


Subject(s)
Argon/therapeutic use , Composite Resins , Dental Equipment/trends , Dental Equipment , Lasers
12.
Rev Port Pneumol ; 13(2): 281-5, 2007.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17492238

ABSTRACT

Wheezing is a major symptom of asthma although it may be present in other pathologies. Foreign body aspiration a situation that often remains hidden for long periods of time. The authors present a case report of an asthmatic victim of workplace accident with aspiration of foreign body that was only suspected after some time.


Subject(s)
Asthma/diagnosis , Bronchi , Foreign Bodies/diagnosis , Trachea , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Foreign Bodies/complications , Humans , Male , Respiratory Sounds/etiology
13.
Rev Port Pneumol ; 12(6): 709-14, 2006.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17301924

ABSTRACT

Despite more than a half-century of recognition, the triad characterised by severe asthma, nasal polyposis and acetylsalicylic acid intolerance known as aspirin-induced asthma or Widal's triad remains markedly underdiagnosed and mistreated. A number of reasons may contribute to this situation with the lack of awareness of its clinical characteristics, pathophysiology and even sometimes of its actual existence the main ones. This review article aims to alert physicians to this entity and its particularities in an attempt to improve healthcare. A correct diagnosis is the first step in the effective treatment of a disease.


Subject(s)
Aspirin/adverse effects , Asthma/chemically induced , Nasal Polyps/chemically induced , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Nasal Polyps/diagnosis , Nasal Polyps/therapy , Syndrome
14.
Odontol. clín.-cient ; 3(3): 209-215, set.-dez. 2004. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-413504

ABSTRACT

Com o avanço da tecnologia na área odontológica e modernização da humanidade, a estética vem sendo prioridade no cotidiano da população que almeja atendimento especializado. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um caso clínico, cujo tema a ser relatado é distúrbio dental, com envolvimento de esmalte e dentina, denominado como amelogênese imperfeita, utilizando como terapêutica reabilitadora restaurações diretas com resina composta


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Amelogenesis Imperfecta , Composite Resins , Esthetics, Dental
15.
Rev. bras. patol. oral ; 3(4): 195-198, out.-dez. 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-412540

ABSTRACT

Anorexia nervosa e Bulimia nervosa são doenças de transtornos alimentares de ordem comportamental que têm efeitos sobre a saúde bucal, podendo ser diagnosticadas primeiramente pelo cirurgião-dentista. Anorexia nervosa é definida como a inanição deliberada e auto-imposta, seguida de busca constante de magreza e medo mórbido de engordar. Bulimia nervosa caracteriza-se pela ingestão compulsiva de grande quantidade de alimentos e ações para evitar o ganho de peso, como, por exemplo, o vômito auto-induzido. Pacientes com estes distúrbios apresentam emagrecimento significativo e regurgitam freqüentemente, provocando erosão dental, o que causa uma destruição característica nos tecidos duros das coroas dos dentes, colocando o cirurgião-dentista como um profissional de grande importância no diagnóstico desses distúrbios. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão de literatura a respeito da contribuição do cirurgião-dentista no diagnóstico da anorexia nervosa e bulimia nervosa, através do conhecimento dos sinais e sintomas destas doenças de ordem comportamental


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Tooth Erosion , Anorexia Nervosa , Bulimia , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Oral Health , Dentists
16.
Odontol. clín.-cient ; 3(2): 131-141, maio-ago. 2004. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-413512

ABSTRACT

A odontologia estética tem se tornado muito importante nos dias atuais pois valoriza e restabelece a harmonia da beleza de um sorriso que a sociedade tanto busca. Com as inovações técnicas restauradoras tem se conseguido aperfeiçoar o trabalho clínico com o intuito de atingir resultados agradáveis. Aplicando princípios artísticos como proporção áurea, proporção estética, associado ao correto planejamento com modelos de estudo e utilizações de materiais e instrumentais corretos, os autores procuram evidenciar um caso clínico com o objetivo de se alcançar uma estética excelente, utilizando a resina composta direta em uma única sessão


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Composite Resins , Esthetics, Dental
17.
Odontol. clín.-cient ; 3(1): 11-16, jan.-abr. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-413515

ABSTRACT

A antibioticoterapia profilática pode ser definida como o uso profilático de antibióticos em pacientes que não apresentam sinais ou sintomas de infecções, com o objetivo de prevenir o seu surgimento em situações de alto risco. Estas situações correspondem a pacientes portadores de determinadas doenças e/ou que são submetidas a procedimentos que favorecem o aparecimento de infecções. Baseia-se na idéia de que se os antibióticos conseguem matar ou impedir o crescimento de bactérias em infecções estabelecidas, podem também fazê-lo no sangue ou em sítios específicos evitando que se instale um processo infeccioso. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estabelecer, baseados em princípios cientificamente comprovados e publicados, um protocolo de utilização profilática de antibióticos em cirurgia periodontal


Subject(s)
Humans , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/standards , Periodontics , Surgery, Oral
18.
Rev. bras. patol. oral ; 2(3): 18-21, jul.-set. 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-404220

ABSTRACT

Por sua alta prevalência na população mundial, mesmo nos países desenvolvidos, a Doença Periodontal carece ainda de um melhor entendimento dos seus fatores de risco para que o profissional possa adequar a sua abordagem de acordo com as necessidades de cada indivíduo. Considerado por muitos o mais importante fator risco pelos seus efeitos locais e sistêmicos e pela disseminação do seu uso em todo o mundo, o fumo e sua relação com a doença periodontal foram avaliados neste estudo retrospectivo através de levantamento de prontuários de pacientes atendidos na Disciplina de Periodontia da Universidade Potiguar. Foram avaliados os índices Profundidade de Sondagem (PS) e Recessão Gengival Vestibular (RV) de todos os dentes presentes de 46 pacientes fumantes e 49 não-fumantes e analisados estatisticamente. Foi demonstrado que os pacientes Fumantes apresentaram maiores índices de PS que os não fumantes (2,30 ± 1,22 e 1,91 ± 0,95 respectivamente, p<0,01) e RV (0,73 ± 1,31 e 0,21 ± 0,76 respectivamente, p<0,01). Os resultados demonstraram a importância do fator de risco fumo na etiologia da doença periodontal pela sua associação com maiores índices de perdas ósseas alveolares


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Periodontitis , Tobacco , Risk Factors , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Periodontal Diseases/pathology
19.
Braz. dent. j ; 12(3): 201-204, set.-dez. 2001. ilus, tab, CD-ROM
Article in English | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-872589

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a resistência à tração diametral de três cimentos de ionômero de vidro modificados por resina - Vitremer, Fuji II LC e Photac Fil e um compômero - Dyract. Os materiais foram testados após 1 hora, 1 dia e 1 semana. A máquina de testes Kratos foi utilizada a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados foram analizados pelos testes ANOVA a dois critérios e teste de Tukey e mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os materiais. Os materias testados apresentaram um aumento na resistência de 1 hora para 1 semana, como segue: Vitremer (19,22-27,29), Fuji II LC (23,91-28,67), Photac Fil (19,35-22,86) e Dyract (28,83-46,95). O dyract apresentou as maiores resistências


Subject(s)
Compomers , Dental Bonding , Glass Ionomer Cements , Composite Resins , Materials Testing , Tensile Strength , Time Factors
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